Moonstone
Moonstone is a silicate mineral prized by collectors for its exceptional color range.
About Moonstone
Moonstone is a silicate mineral in the alkali feldspar group (orthoclase or adularia variety with adularescence) and has the chemical formula K(AlSi3O8) [orthoclase/adularia with albite lamellae]. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and is one of the most visually varied minerals in the collector market. Its combination of structural character and global distribution make it a recognized species in both systematic and aesthetic collections.
Identification & care
Specimens usually show massive/alluvial; tabular crystals rare; polished cabochons are the primary form for collectors. Its color range is broad, including colorless, white, cream, grey, orange, brown, green, with blue, white, and or silver adularescence (sheen). The luster is vitreous, sub-vitreous, pearly, the streak is white, and specimens range from transparent to translucent. The cleavage is perfect on {001}, good on {010} — feldspar cleavage. The fracture is conchoidal, uneven, which aids identification.
Collector context
How it forms
The geological setting for Moonstone is typically granitic pegmatites and aplites; also in low-temperature hydrothermal deposits; concentrated in alluvial gem gravels through weathering. It is commonly found in association with albite, orthoclase, quartz, corundum (ruby/sapphire), spinel, tourmaline.
Why collectors care
Collectors pursue Moonstone for the clarity of its crystal form and, in good material, saturated color that reads instantly across a display case. A well-terminated moonstone on clean matrix photographs well, identifies quickly, and anchors a cabinet piece. Top Chinese specimens over the last two decades have reset the bar for what moonstone looks like at collector grade.
What affects value
Value in Moonstone is assessed, in typical order of weight, against: (1) locality provenance; (2) size relative to the species norm; (3) crystal form and termination sharpness; (4) color saturation and zoning; (5) transparency and internal clarity; (6) matrix quality and aesthetic balance; (7) condition (absence of damage, chips, or repair). Cleaning quality and verified locality documentation act as multipliers across the above.
Naming history
The name Moonstone has a specific etymological and historical context — see Mindat's reference entry for provenance details. We have retained naming data at the record level; published prose is paraphrased from factual fields rather than copied from source.