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Mineral Species · Silicates (Phyllosilicates

Muscovite

白云母

KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Muscovite (KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂) is the most common mica species and a defining sheet silicate. Its name comes from "Muscovy glass" — large transparent Muscovite plates from Russia historically used as windowpanes. Muscovite forms in granitic pegmatites,…

Crystal system

Monoclinic

Hardness

2–2.5

Specific gravity

2.82

Muscovite (KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂) is the most common mica species and a defining sheet silicate. Its name comes from “Muscovy glass” — large transparent Muscovite plates from Russia historically used as windowpanes. Muscovite forms in granitic pegmatites, schists, and gneisses, where it grows as flexible elastic books reaching meter-scale dimensions.

Key Facts

  • Mohs hardness 2–2.5.
  • Monoclinic phyllosilicate; perfect basal cleavage produces flexible elastic sheets.
  • Pseudohexagonal tabular crystal habit.
  • Major rock-forming mineral in granites, pegmatites, and metamorphic schists.
  • Used industrially as electrical insulator and filler.

Notable Localities

Madras (India) and Brazil supply industrial-grade Muscovite books. Galileia (Brazil) yields meter-scale collector specimens. Russia’s Karelia provided the historical “Muscovy glass.”

Found at these Localities

Available in our shop

Hand-selected Muscovite specimens, vetted for authenticity.

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