Marcasite

Crystal system · Orthorhombic

Marcasite is a sulfide mineral known for its striking metallic crystals, with known Chinese sources.

About Marcasiteextended article

Elemental Composition (by mass)
ElementMass %Visual
S Sulfur53.45%
Fe Iron46.55%
Computed from simplified end-member formula. Solid-solution series, water content, and trace substitutions cause real-world variation.
IMA Abbreviation (Whitney-Evans 2010)
Mrc
→ Marcasite
Orthorhombic FeS₂
Standard symbol from American Mineralogist (Whitney & Evans, 2010). Used in thin-section labeling, phase diagrams, and IMA-style species records.
⏳ Long-term Aging & Care Timeline
pyrite disease (aggressive)months to years
Trigger: humidity > 50%
Intervention: Faster than pyrite. Crystal disintegrates to yellow powder + acidic residue. Dry storage essential.
Pseudomorph Relationships
Replaced by — this mineral commonly becomes:
Limonite replacement
Marcasite oxidizes faster than pyrite due to crystal structure — friable limonite results.
Worldwide; storage problem for collectors.
A pseudomorph (Greek "false form") is a mineral with the external shape of another species — the chemistry has changed but the crystal habit is inherited.
Care notesSame as pyrite — humidity-sensitive. Full cleaning guide →
PolymorphsShares the formula FeS2 with: Pyrite — same chemistry, different crystal structure.
Mohs 6–6.5
Vickers (~) 820 HV
Knoop (~) 870 HK
Geological setting
Sedimentary
Element composition by mass

Formula: FeS₂ · molar mass: 119.97 g/mol

S 53.45%
Fe 46.55%

Computed from atomic weights (IUPAC 2021). Site-occupancy groups (Fe,Mn) split equally.

Mohs Hardness 6–6.5

Marcasite sits at 6–6.5 on the Mohs scale — just hard enough to scratch glass.

Colors:
Streak
Greenish-black
Crystal system
Orthorhombic
Sulfides & SulfosaltsSulfides
TL;DR · 1 min read
Marcasite (FeS₂) is the orthorhombic dimorph of pyrite (cubic FeS₂) — same chemistry, different crystal structure. It forms in sedimentary low-temperature environments (coal seams, organic-rich shales) and oxidizes more readily than pyrite, producing characteristic "pyrite disease" disintegration in collections.

Marcasite (FeS₂) is the orthorhombic dimorph of pyrite (cubic FeS₂) — same chemistry, different crystal structure. It forms in sedimentary low-temperature environments (coal seams, organic-rich shales) and oxidizes more readily than pyrite, producing characteristic “pyrite disease” disintegration in collections. Cockscomb spear-cluster habits are diagnostic.

More minerals to explore

About Marcasite

Marcasite is classified as a sulfide mineral in the marcasite group and has the chemical formula FeS2. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and has a distinctive metallic presence in any collection.

Identification & care

Crystals commonly develop as tabular, lenticular crystals; 'cockscomb' twins; 'spear' twins; nodular; stalactitic; often replaces fossils. Its color is typically pale yellow, tin-white and brass-yellow (paler and more silvery than pyrite). The luster is metallic, splendent, the streak is dark gray to black, and specimens are typically opaque. The cleavage is distinct on {101}. The fracture is uneven, which aids identification.

Collector context

Collector notes

In the metallic-crystal category, Marcasite is a consistent target for serious collectors. Marcasite is widely represented across Chinese provinces, including Fujian, Gansu, Anhui, Guangdong.