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F

Mineral Species · Halides

Fluorite

萤石

CaF₂

CaF₂ · Isometric (Cubic) · Mohs 4

Crystal system

Isometric (Cubic)

Hardness

4

Specific gravity

3.18

China-iconic

China is a defining locality for Fluorite · 萤石. See the Chinese collector page →

Fluorite is one of the most popular collector minerals in the world — and the single most important Chinese export species. Its perfect octahedral cleavage, sharp cubic crystals, and saturated color zoning have made Chinese fluorite the global benchmark for the last two decades.

Key Facts

  • Mohs hardness 4 — softer than quartz, scratches with a steel knife.
  • Glows under longwave UV; "fluorescence" was named after this mineral.
  • Perfect octahedral cleavage means it breaks cleanly along four planes.
  • Color is rarely intrinsic — most comes from rare-earth substitutions and radiation damage.
  • China supplies roughly 65% of global fine collector specimens.

Notable Varieties

  • Blue John (banded purple/yellow)
  • Antozonite (radioactive black)
  • Chlorophane (thermoluminescent)
  • Yttrofluorite (Y-bearing)

The Chinese Angle

The Yaogangxian Mine in Hunan and the Xianghualing district produce the world's most architecturally perfect fluorite crystals — sharp 5-10 cm cubes with deep blue-green color zoning, often perched on milky quartz or wolframite. Hunan green fluorite is the international reference for top-tier collector grade.

Found at these Localities

Notable Localities

Where to find collector-grade Fluorite.

Hero photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto · CC BY-SA 3.0 · source

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